Capacitor
A capacitor is an electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric. The capacitor stores energy by accumulating equal and opposite electric charges on these plates
Fundamental Electrical Characteristics
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Capacitance
The primary characteristic, measuring the capacitor's ability to store electrical charge. It is quantified in Farads (F) and indicates the amount of charge stored for a given voltage.
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Energy Storage
Capacitors store energy in the electric field between their plates, with the stored energy being proportional to the square of the applied voltage and the capacitance.
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Charge and Discharge
Capacitors can rapidly charge by storing energy and then discharge by releasing it back into a circuit.
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Voltage Rating (Working Voltage)
The maximum continuous voltage a capacitor can withstand without failure or damage.
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Tolerance
The permitted percentage deviation of the actual capacitance value from its marked or nominal value.
